Pre-Purchase Inspection

Buying a home is a major project that involves both financial and emotional commitment. However, without a pre-purchase inspection, many buyers face structural issues, hidden defects, or costly repairs after acquiring the property.

A pre-purchase inspection assesses the overall condition of a property before finalizing a transaction. Conducted by a qualified building inspector, it covers several key elements: structure, electricity, plumbing, insulation, heating, and roofing.

In this article, our roofing experts in Laval explain the importance of a pre-purchase inspection, the elements examined by the inspector, and the precautions to take to avoid unpleasant surprises.

Why Conduct a Pre-Purchase Inspection?

A pre-purchase inspection is a crucial step for any buyer looking to secure their real estate investment. Acquiring a property is a significant expense, and it is essential to ensure the building has no major issues that could lead to unforeseen costs. A thorough inspection helps identify potential structural defects, moisture problems, faulty electrical installations, or a deteriorating roof.

Detecting these issues beforehand prevents unpleasant surprises after the purchase. Some hidden defects, though not apparent during a visit, can have serious consequences on the durability of the building and the safety of its occupants. Once highlighted in the inspection report, these defects can serve as a basis for negotiations with the seller. Depending on the report’s findings, the buyer may request a price reduction or demand repairs before closing the transaction.

Legal Obligation in Québec

In Québec, the seller has a duty to disclose the condition of the property. If the seller was aware of defects but failed to disclose them, the buyer may have legal recourse, notably through a legal warranty claim for hidden defects.

However, skipping a pre-purchase inspection can make it more challenging to prove the buyer’s good faith and may limit potential claims.

What Does a Pre-Purchase Inspection Cover?

A pre-purchase inspection examines multiple aspects of a building to assess its general condition and anticipate potential repairs.

Building Structure

The inspector examines the foundation, walls, beams, and floors to detect any cracks, signs of subsidence, or moisture damage. These elements are critical because structural issues can affect the building’s overall stability and lead to costly renovations.

Insulation and Energy Efficiency

The inspection includes evaluating the insulation quality, the condition of doors and windows, and the building’s ventilation system. Poor insulation can lead to significant heat loss and higher energy costs, affecting the home’s thermal and acoustic comfort.

Electrical and Plumbing Installations

The inspector checks the electrical system’s compliance, including outlets, circuit breakers, and wiring, to prevent fire hazards or short circuits. The plumbing system is also examined to detect leaks, assess the condition of the water heater, and ensure proper wastewater drainage.

Heating and Air Conditioning System

To guarantee the occupants’ safety and comfort, the inspector evaluates the proper functioning of the furnace, heat pump, or wood stove. They also ensure there are no risks related to carbon monoxide, a toxic gas that can cause severe poisoning.

The Importance of Roof Inspection

The roof is a key component of a pre-purchase inspection. The expert assesses the condition of the shingles, membrane, or roof covering, looking for leaks, mold, or deformations. They also estimate the remaining lifespan and potential replacement costs. The drainage system and gutter maintenance are also considered, as poor water evacuation can cause infiltration and foundation damage.

How to Choose a Good Building Inspector?

Check Certifications and Experience

The choice of a building inspector is crucial in ensuring an accurate property evaluation. To guarantee a reliable and precise service, make sure the professional holds recognized certifications.

An inspector who is a member of the Association des inspecteurs en bâtiments du Québec (AIBQ) follows strict standards and a professional code of ethics. Their experience and references are also key indicators of competence. It is advisable to check past client reviews and request sample inspection reports to assess the clarity and precision of their analyses.

Ask the Right Questions Before Signing a Contract

Before hiring an inspector, understand the scope of their services. Inquire about their methodology, the areas covered in the inspection, and the limitations of their mandate. A qualified professional should be able to explain in detail the elements examined, such as the building structure, mechanical systems, and roofing. It is also important to clarify what is not included, such as laboratory tests or in-depth water infiltration analyses.

Estimate the Cost of a Pre-Purchase Inspection

The cost of an inspection in Québec generally ranges from $400 to $700, depending on the size and complexity of the property. An older home or one with specific features may require a more detailed examination, increasing the cost.

It is not recommended to choose an inspector solely based on price, as a lower-cost service may overlook major issues, leading to much higher expenses after the purchase.

What to Do After a Pre-Purchase Inspection?

Review the Inspection Report

Once the inspection is completed, the buyer receives a detailed report outlining the building’s condition and any detected problems. This report should be carefully reviewed to fully understand the inspector’s recommendations. Some defects are minor and require no immediate action, while others may affect the structure of the building and result in costly repairs.

Make a Decision: Purchase, Negotiate, or Withdraw

Based on the report’s findings, the buyer must decide on the next steps in the transaction. If no major issues are found, the purchase can proceed with confidence. However, if significant defects are detected, the buyer can negotiate with the seller for a price reduction or demand repairs before finalizing the sale.

If the necessary repairs are too extensive, the buyer may also choose to withdraw, provided the purchase offer includes an inspection clause.

Legal Recourse for Hidden Defects

If hidden defects are discovered after the purchase, the buyer may invoke the legal warranty. This protection applies when the defect was unknown at the time of acquisition and compromises the property’s usability or habitability.

In such cases, consulting a real estate lawyer is recommended to assess the necessary steps and determine possible legal actions.